L2 転送ツールガイド

グラフにより、アービトラムワンのL2に簡単に移動できるようになりました。プロトコル参加者ごとに、すべてのネットワーク参加者が L2 への転送をシームレスに行うための L2 転送ツールのセットがあります。これらのツールでは、転送する内容に応じて、特定の一連の手順に従う必要があります。

Some frequent questions about these tools are answered in the L2 Transfer Tools FAQ. The FAQs contain in-depth explanations of how to use the tools, how they work, and things to keep in mind when using them.

How to transfer your Subgraph to Arbitrum (L2)

Benefits of transferring your Subgraphs

グラフのコミュニティとコア開発者は、過去1年間、Arbitrumに移行する準備をしてきました(https://forum.thegraph.com/t/gip-0031-arbitrum-grt-bridge/3305)。レイヤー2または「L2」ブロックチェーンであるアービトラムは、イーサリアムからセキュリティを継承しますが、ガス料金を大幅に削減します。⁠

When you publish or upgrade your Subgraph to The Graph Network, you’re interacting with smart contracts on the protocol and this requires paying for gas using ETH. By moving your Subgraphs to Arbitrum, any future updates to your Subgraph will require much lower gas fees. The lower fees, and the fact that curation bonding curves on L2 are flat, also make it easier for other Curators to curate on your Subgraph, increasing the rewards for Indexers on your Subgraph. This lower-cost environment also makes it cheaper for Indexers to index and serve your Subgraph. Indexing rewards will be increasing on Arbitrum and decreasing on Ethereum mainnet over the coming months, so more and more Indexers will be transferring their stake and setting up their operations on L2.

Understanding what happens with signal, your L1 Subgraph and query URLs

Transferring a Subgraph to Arbitrum uses the Arbitrum GRT bridge, which in turn uses the native Arbitrum bridge, to send the Subgraph to L2. The “transfer” will deprecate the Subgraph on mainnet and send the information to re-create the Subgraph on L2 using the bridge. It will also include the Subgraph owner’s signaled GRT, which must be more than zero for the bridge to accept the transfer.

When you choose to transfer the Subgraph, this will convert all of the Subgraph’s curation signal to GRT. This is equivalent to “deprecating” the Subgraph on mainnet. The GRT corresponding to your curation will be sent to L2 together with the Subgraph, where they will be used to mint signal on your behalf.

Other Curators can choose whether to withdraw their fraction of GRT, or also transfer it to L2 to mint signal on the same Subgraph. If a Subgraph owner does not transfer their Subgraph to L2 and manually deprecates it via a contract call, then Curators will be notified and will be able to withdraw their curation.

As soon as the Subgraph is transferred, since all curation is converted to GRT, Indexers will no longer receive rewards for indexing the Subgraph. However, there will be Indexers that will 1) keep serving transferred Subgraphs for 24 hours, and 2) immediately start indexing the Subgraph on L2. Since these Indexers already have the Subgraph indexed, there should be no need to wait for the Subgraph to sync, and it will be possible to query the L2 Subgraph almost immediately.

Queries to the L2 Subgraph will need to be done to a different URL (on arbitrum-gateway.thegraph.com), but the L1 URL will continue working for at least 48 hours. After that, the L1 gateway will forward queries to the L2 gateway (for some time), but this will add latency so it is recommended to switch all your queries to the new URL as soon as possible.

L2ウォレットの選択

When you published your Subgraph on mainnet, you used a connected wallet to create the Subgraph, and this wallet owns the NFT that represents this Subgraph and allows you to publish updates.

When transferring the Subgraph to Arbitrum, you can choose a different wallet that will own this Subgraph NFT on L2.

MetaMaskのような “通常の” ウォレット(外部所有アカウントまたはEOA、つまりスマートコントラクトではないウォレット)を使用している場合、これはオプションであり、L1と同じ所有者アドレスを保持することをお勧めします。

If you’re using a smart contract wallet, like a multisig (e.g. a Safe), then choosing a different L2 wallet address is mandatory, as it is most likely that this account only exists on mainnet and you will not be able to make transactions on Arbitrum using this wallet. If you want to keep using a smart contract wallet or multisig, create a new wallet on Arbitrum and use its address as the L2 owner of your Subgraph.

It is very important to use a wallet address that you control, and that can make transactions on Arbitrum. Otherwise, the Subgraph will be lost and cannot be recovered.

転送の準備: 一部のETHのブリッジング

Transferring the Subgraph involves sending a transaction through the bridge, and then executing another transaction on Arbitrum. The first transaction uses ETH on mainnet, and includes some ETH to pay for gas when the message is received on L2. However, if this gas is insufficient, you will have to retry the transaction and pay for the gas directly on L2 (this is “Step 3: Confirming the transfer” below). This step must be executed within 7 days of starting the transfer. Moreover, the second transaction (“Step 4: Finishing the transfer on L2”) will be done directly on Arbitrum. For these reasons, you will need some ETH on an Arbitrum wallet. If you’re using a multisig or smart contract account, the ETH will need to be in the regular (EOA) wallet that you are using to execute the transactions, not on the multisig wallet itself.

一部の取引所でETHを購入してアービトラムに直接引き出すか、アービトラムブリッジを使用してメインネットウォレットからL2にETHを送信することができます:bridge.arbitrum.io⁠。アービトラムのガス料金は安いので、必要なのは少量だけです。トランザクションが承認されるには、低いしきい値(0.01 ETHなど)から始めることをお勧めします。

Finding the Subgraph Transfer Tool

You can find the L2 Transfer Tool when you’re looking at your Subgraph’s page on Subgraph Studio:

It is also available on Explorer if you’re connected with the wallet that owns a Subgraph and on that Subgraph’s page on Explorer:

[L2に転送] ボタンをクリックすると、転送ツールが開き、転送プロセスを開始できます。

ステップ1: 転送を開始する

Before starting the transfer, you must decide which address will own the Subgraph on L2 (see “Choosing your L2 wallet” above), and it is strongly recommend having some ETH for gas already bridged on Arbitrum (see “Preparing for the transfer: bridging some ETH” above).

Also please note transferring the Subgraph requires having a nonzero amount of signal on the Subgraph with the same account that owns the Subgraph; if you haven’t signaled on the Subgraph you will have to add a bit of curation (adding a small amount like 1 GRT would suffice).

After opening the Transfer Tool, you will be able to input the L2 wallet address into the “Receiving wallet address” field - make sure you’ve entered the correct address here. Clicking on Transfer Subgraph will prompt you to execute the transaction on your wallet (note some ETH value is included to pay for L2 gas); this will initiate the transfer and deprecate your L1 Subgraph (see “Understanding what happens with signal, your L1 Subgraph and query URLs” above for more details on what goes on behind the scenes).

If you execute this step, make sure you proceed until completing step 3 in less than 7 days, or the Subgraph and your signal GRT will be lost. This is due to how L1-L2 messaging works on Arbitrum: messages that are sent through the bridge are “retry-able tickets” that must be executed within 7 days, and the initial execution might need a retry if there are spikes in the gas price on Arbitrum.

Step 2: Waiting for the Subgraph to get to L2

After you start the transfer, the message that sends your L1 Subgraph to L2 must propagate through the Arbitrum bridge. This takes approximately 20 minutes (the bridge waits for the mainnet block containing the transaction to be “safe” from potential chain reorgs).

この待機時間が終了すると、アービトラムはL2契約の転送の自動実行を試みます。

ステップ3: 転送の確認

In most cases, this step will auto-execute as the L2 gas included in step 1 should be sufficient to execute the transaction that receives the Subgraph on the Arbitrum contracts. In some cases, however, it is possible that a spike in gas prices on Arbitrum causes this auto-execution to fail. In this case, the “ticket” that sends your Subgraph to L2 will be pending and require a retry within 7 days.

この場合、アービトラムにETHがあるL2ウォレットを使用して接続し、ウォレットネットワークをアービトラムに切り替え、[転送の確認] をクリックしてトランザクションを再試行する必要があります。

ステップ4: L2での転送の完了

At this point, your Subgraph and GRT have been received on Arbitrum, but the Subgraph is not published yet. You will need to connect using the L2 wallet that you chose as the receiving wallet, switch your wallet network to Arbitrum, and click “Publish Subgraph.”

This will publish the Subgraph so that Indexers that are operating on Arbitrum can start serving it. It will also mint curation signal using the GRT that were transferred from L1.

ステップ 5: クエリ URL の更新

Your Subgraph has been successfully transferred to Arbitrum! To query the Subgraph, the new URL will be :

https://arbitrum-gateway.thegraph.com/api/[api-key]/subgraphs/id/[l2-subgraph-id]

Note that the Subgraph ID on Arbitrum will be a different than the one you had on mainnet, but you can always find it on Explorer or Studio. As mentioned above (see “Understanding what happens with signal, your L1 Subgraph and query URLs”) the old L1 URL will be supported for a short while, but you should switch your queries to the new address as soon as the Subgraph has been synced on L2.

キュレーションをアービトラム(L2) に転送する方法

Understanding what happens to curation on Subgraph transfers to L2

When the owner of a Subgraph transfers a Subgraph to Arbitrum, all of the Subgraph’s signal is converted to GRT at the same time. This applies to “auto-migrated” signal, i.e. signal that is not specific to a Subgraph version or deployment but that follows the latest version of a Subgraph.

This conversion from signal to GRT is the same as what would happen if the Subgraph owner deprecated the Subgraph in L1. When the Subgraph is deprecated or transferred, all curation signal is “burned” simultaneously (using the curation bonding curve) and the resulting GRT is held by the GNS smart contract (that is the contract that handles Subgraph upgrades and auto-migrated signal). Each Curator on that Subgraph therefore has a claim to that GRT proportional to the amount of shares they had for the Subgraph.

A fraction of these GRT corresponding to the Subgraph owner is sent to L2 together with the Subgraph.

At this point, the curated GRT will not accrue any more query fees, so Curators can choose to withdraw their GRT or transfer it to the same Subgraph on L2, where it can be used to mint new curation signal. There is no rush to do this as the GRT can be help indefinitely and everybody gets an amount proportional to their shares, irrespective of when they do it.

L2ウォレットの選択

キュレーションされたGRTをL2に転送する場合は、L2のキュレーションシグナルを所有する別のウォレットを選択できます。

もしMetamaskのような「通常の」ウォレット（Externally Owned AccountまたはEOA、つまりスマートコントラクトではないウォレット）を使用している場合、これはオプションです。そして、L1と同じキュレーターアドレスを保持することが推奨されます。

スマートコントラクトウォレット（例：マルチシグ、Safeなど）を使用している場合、異なるL2ウォレットアドレスを選択することは必須です。おそらくこのアカウントはメインネット上のみ存在しており、このウォレットを使用してArbitrumでトランザクションを行うことはできません。スマートコントラクトウォレットやマルチシグを引き続き使用したい場合は、Arbitrum上で新しいウォレットを作成し、そのアドレスをL2受信ウォレットアドレスとして使用してください。

重要なのは、あなたがコントロールし、Arbitrum上でトランザクションを行えるウォレットアドレスを使用することです。そうしないとキュレーションが失われ、回復することはできません。

キュレーションを L2 に送信する: ステップ 1

転送を開始する前に、L2上でキュレーションを所有するアドレスを決定する必要があります（上記の「L2ウォレットの選択」を参照）。また、L2でメッセージの実行を再試行する必要がある場合に備えて、ガスのためにすでにArbitrumにブリッジされたいくらかのETHを持つことをお勧めします。ETHをいくつかの取引所で購入し、それを直接Arbitrumに引き出すことができます。または、Arbitrumブリッジを使用して、メインネットのウォレットからL2にETHを送信することもできます： bridge.arbitrum.io⁠。Arbitrumのガス料金が非常に低いため、0.01 ETHなどの少額で十分です。

If a Subgraph that you curate to has been transferred to L2, you will see a message on Explorer telling you that you’re curating to a transferred Subgraph.

When looking at the Subgraph page, you can choose to withdraw or transfer the curation. Clicking on “Transfer Signal to Arbitrum” will open the transfer tool.

移行ツールを開いた後、ウォレットにETHがない場合はETHを追加するよう促されることがあります。その後、L2ウォレットアドレスを「受信ウォレットアドレス」フィールドに入力できます。ここに正しいアドレスを入力していることを確認してください。“Transfer Signal” をクリックすると、ウォレット上でトランザクションを実行するよう求められます（L2ガスの支払いに一定のETH価値が含まれています）。これにより、移行が開始されます。

このステップを実行する場合、ステップ3を7日以内に完了するように注意してください。7日を過ぎると、シグナルGRTは失われる可能性があります。 これは、ArbitrumのL1-L2メッセージングの仕組みに起因しています。ブリッジを介して送信されるメッセージは「再試行可能なチケット」であり、7日以内に実行される必要があり、初回の実行がArbitrumのガス価格の急上昇により再試行が必要な場合もあります。

キュレーションを L2 に送信する: ステップ 2

転送を開始します:

移行を開始すると、L1キュレーションをL2に送信するメッセージがArbitrumブリッジを介して伝播する必要があります。これには約20分かかります（ブリッジは、トランザクションを含むメインネットのブロックが潜在的なチェーンの再編から「安全」であるのを待ちます）。

この待機時間が終了すると、アービトラムはL2契約の転送の自動実行を試みます。

キュレーションを L2 に送信する: ステップ 3

ほとんどの場合、ステップ1に含まれるL2ガスは、アービトラム契約でキュレーションを受け取るトランザクションを実行するのに十分であるため、このステップは自動実行されます。ただし、場合によっては、アービトラムのガス価格の急騰により、この自動実行が失敗する可能性があります。この場合、キュレーションをL2に送信する「チケット」は保留中であり、7日以内に再試行する必要があります。

この場合、アービトラムにETHがあるL2ウォレットを使用して接続し、ウォレットネットワークをアービトラムに切り替え、[転送の確認] をクリックしてトランザクションを再試行する必要があります。

L1 でキュレーションを取り消す

If you prefer not to send your GRT to L2, or you’d rather bridge the GRT manually, you can withdraw your curated GRT on L1. On the banner on the Subgraph page, choose “Withdraw Signal” and confirm the transaction; the GRT will be sent to your Curator address.